发表于:2008-03-08 21:02:00
44楼
4-20 mA – This analog current loop network is slow but simple. It is limited to one transmitter per loop, but can have several receivers. The analog format limits the higher-level functionality, but this is still a wide-spread implementation for communicating simple sensor measurements to a central controller.
HART – The Highway Addressable Remote Transducer network augments the 4-20 mA loop with a modulated signal. This allows transmission of digital information, although the data rate is relatively slow.
RS-232 – This standard interface has been around for a long time, and is still used in many simple interfaces for initial setup of systems, diagnostics, and other non-time-critical functions. A singleended network, RS-232 does not have the same noise immunity as the majority of the other standards, which take advantage of differential signaling.
RS-485 – An outgrowth of RS-232 and RS-422, the RS-485 electrical specification is the basis for several industrial network standards, including Profibus, Interbus, Modbus, and others. The strengths of RS-485 are it’s immunity to noise and ground offsets, bidirectional and multiple driver capability, and party-line simplicity.
Interbus – A ring-based network, Interbus uses RS-485 signaling with point-to-point connections, and full-duplex operation to make an adaptable bi-directional structure. Other variations of Interbus use fiber or infrared media for signaling.
Modbus – Modbus has several variations, the most common is based on RS-485 signaling. Other implementations use Ethernet or RS-232. In addition to industrial automation, it is also used in building control applications.
Profibus DP – Based on RS-485 signaling technology, Profibus DP (Process Field Bus, Decentralized Peripheral) is a commonly used fieldbus network for factory automation, especially in Europe. The Profibus standard specifies the protocol, electrical layer, termination, signaling rates, and grounding/isolation schemes. There are other variants of Profibus for fiber media, intrinsically safe applications, and motor control applications.
DeviceNet – Based on the CAN signaling specification, the DeviceNet standard specifies the electrical layer (voltages, current loading, termination, isolation/grounding) and protocol requirements for a device-level network.
ControlNet – With a high signal-to-noise ratio and using coaxial media, ControlNet is a robust, relatively high-speed industrial network. It’s strengths are deterministic timing, robust electrical characteristics, and simplicity of expansion.
Industrial Ethernet – Several different variations of Industrial Ethernet are now available. These include ProfiNet, EtherCAT, Ethernet/IP (Industrial Protocol) and others. Each is based on the IEEE 802.3 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Standard for Local Area Networks. Each variation has differences (and is not easily interconnected with the others), mainly due to how the requirement for known data latency (deterministic timing) is handled. Versions with 10 Mbps (mega bits per second) and 100 Mbps are commonly used for industrial automation applications.
以下是我翻译的,对你有点帮助。
4-20 mA——这种模拟量电流回路网络是慢的但是简单的。它的限制是每个回路只有一个变送器,但是可以有几个接收器。模拟量格式限制了高级功能,但是由于很容易把传感器测量值传送到中心控制器,这仍有广泛的实施。
HART——高速可编址远程变送器网络用调制过的信号增大4-20 mA回路。虽然数据速率是相当慢,但是它允许数字信息的传输。
RS-232——这种标准接口已经出现很长时间了,仍用于很多简单的接口,从而实现系统初始设置、诊断以及其他对时间要求不高的功能。单端网络,RS-232并没有大部分利用差动信号的其他标准相似的抗扰度。
RS-485——RS-232和RS-422的衍生物,RS-485电气规范是几种工业网络标准的基础,包括Profibus、Interbus、Modbus等。RS-485的优点是抗扰度、接地抵消、双向、多驱动能力和同线能力。
Interbus——基于环的网络,Interbus使用具有点对点连接,全双工通信的RS-485信号去调整双向结构。Interbus的其他差异是使用光纤或红外媒介发信号。
Modbus—— Modbus有几个差异,最常见的差异是基于RS-485信号。其他的实施包括使用以太网或RS-232。除了工业自动化,它也用于构建控制系统。
Profibus DP——基于RS-485信号技术,Profibus DP(过程现场总线,分布终端),常用于工厂自动化现场总线网络,特别是在欧洲。Profibus 标准确定了协议、电气层、终端、信号速率和接地/隔离方案。Profibus有其他的差异,光纤、本安应用和电机控制应用。
DeviceNet——基于CAN信号规范,DeviceNet标准确定了设备级网络的电气层(电压、电流负荷、终端、隔离/接地)和协议要求。
ControlNet——具有高的信噪比,使用同轴电缆,ControlNet是鲁棒的,相对高速的工业网络。它的优点是决定性的定时、鲁棒的电气特点和容易扩展。
工业以太网——现在可用几种不同的工业以太网,包括ProfiNet、 EtherCAT、Ethernet/IP(工业协议)等。每种都能用于局域网,都是基于IEEE 802.3载波监听多路访问/冲突检测(CSMA/CD)标准。每种都有不同的差异,不容易与其他协议互连,主要由于怎样处理已知数据的延迟时间(确定性的定时)的要求。10 Mbps和100 Mbps版本的以太网常用于工业自动化应用。