发表于:2007-09-26 12:39:00
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From time to time, a caller asks me about the MTBF rating of an Industrial Ethernet switch. The abbreviation MTBF stands for
Mean-Time-Between-Failure
and indicates the reliability of the specified equipment. It is the typical time between failures for a specified device design -- that is, the typical amount of time (in hours) any of a specified set of devices will function before failing.
However, different companies define failure in different ways, depending on the nature of the equipment and its function within a system. Also, test parameters and batch size are not standardized. Essentially, higher MTBF ratings for finished goods are obtained by building equipment with components that have high individual MTBF values -- that is, better quality components.
MTBF grew out of the US military's attempts to formalize reliability assessment in the 1950s and 1960s which resulted in the publication of MIL-HDBK-217. Various flaws with this document led to a number of revisions and eventually, "... the U.S. Army has discovered that the problems with the traditional reliability prediction techniques are enormous and have canceled the use of MIL-HDBK-217 in Army specifications ..." Source: Equipment Reliability Institute's "ERI News", August, 2001 - vol. 4.
Despite criticisms of MTBF (especially within MIL-HDBK-217), it remains the dominant reliability assessment tool in the commercial electronics industry. The "Telcordia SR-332" handbook is used by many non-military electronic manufacturers for generating MTBF values. It evolved as follows: In the early 1980s Bellcore (Bell Communications Research) spun off from AT&T Bell Labs. Starting in 1985, Bellcore used MIL-HDBK-217, then improved and adapted it for highly-integrated commercial electronic products. In 1997 Bellcore was sold and its name was later changed to Telcordia Technologies.
At Contemporary Controls, equipment reliability is specified by MTBF values produced through the use of the Telcordia standard: Method I - Case I - Quality Level I.
Although the derivation of an MTBF value can be mathematically quite involved, the process can be generally stated as:
(Total Operating Time) / (Sample Size)
Suppose, as a very simple example, we test five e