发表于:2007-09-26 12:37:00
楼主
I am often asked for a device that will provide communication between ARCNET and Industrial Ethernet. Unfortunately, satisfying these requests usually requires custom engineering for the following reasons.
ARCNET and Ethernet work at the data-link and physical layers of the OSI model. Therefore, no transport protocol is defined for either technology and each moves data in a different way. This creates difficult communication issues.
ARCNET uses 1-byte addressing (specified during device installation), whereas Ethernet uses a 6-byte address that is programmed into the device ROM during manufacture. Also, the maximum Ethernet message size is 1500 bytes, compared to 508 bytes for ARCNET.
Since Ethernet messages require no acknowledgement, they can be sent to non-existent or disabled devices. Thus, Ethernet bridges (or switches) are easy to design. However, ARCNET requires a handshake before transmission and an acknowledgement afterward -- which increases reliability, but makes bridge construction difficult.
ARCNET-to-Ethernet routers can offer connectivity if both LANs use the same network protocol such as IP or IPX, but most ARCNET implementations have not been for these protocols. Generic ARCNET-to-Ethernet gateways do not exist and custom units are costly to develop. Special gateways are designed to retransmit Ethernet TCP/IP messages to the ARCNET LAN and to retransmit ARCNET messages to one or more Industrial Ethernet devices. The TCP/IP data simply encapsulates the ARCNET packet and destination ID.
ARCNET-to-Ethernet devices are only cost-effective if sufficient quantities are built. Contemporary Controls builds such units for specific customer needs and also offers the OEM a generic device to provide data conversion, but that calls for some application-layer software tweaking by the OEM.