发表于:2007-09-26 12:34:00
楼主
A while ago a customer complained of a very long recovery time (from one to four minutes) for his RSTP network. He had connected two managed switches (which had no fiber ports) through four unmanaged switches (RSTP-unaware) which he was using as media converters to provide a fiber backbone. The illustration below shows the six-switch network with the pertinent switch ports numbered. The RSTP protocol had forced the blue link inactive, making it the backup link. Then, to test his RSTP performance, the customer interrupted the red link -- causing the blue backup link to activate. The fiber backbone is indicated by the green links. Analysis revealed that the unmanaged switch address tables were the source of the problem.
The RSTP protocol had elected MS 1 as the root device, placing its ports 2 and 6 in the forwarding state. On MS 2, port 6 was placed in the discarding state to stop messages from looping through the blue link.
Broadcasts affect the address tables of all switches. This is true even if a switch is not serving any message path -- as is the case with UMS 3 and UMS 4 while the blue backup link is inactive. Consequently, UMS 3 and UMS 4 correctly register both PC 1 and PC 2 as connected on port 3 of each switch.
When the network topology is reconfigured due to an interruption of the red link, UMS 3 and UMS 4 become part of the communication path, but they will be ignorant of the reconfiguration. Consequently, UMS 3 and UMS 4 will still try to forward all messages to the left via port 3 of each switch -- although the reconfiguration requires that messages from PC 1 to PC 2 exit UMS 3 and UMS 4 to the right via ports 4 of each switch. This means that once the blue backup link becomes active, messages destined for PC 2 will be lost until the address tables of UMS 3 and UMS 4 are corrected.
Switches filter, forward or flood received messages. They flood messages when the destination MAC address is not in their address table. They forward messages when the destination MAC address is in their address table. They filter messages (throw them away) when the des